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Ain-Shams Journal of Anesthesiology

Table 2 Groningen distress rating scale (GDRS) (Chau et al., 2019)

From: Comparative study between intranasal dexmedetomidine and intranasal ketamine as a premedication for anxiolysis and sedation before pediatric general anesthesia

1

Calm

2

Mild distress

3

Serious distress, in control

4

Severe distress, out of control

5

Panic

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