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Table 1 Characteristics of included studies

From: Serratus anterior plane block for cardiothoracic surgeries: a meta-analysis of randomized trials

Study ID

Type of surgery

Study design

No. of participants

Patients characteristics

Outcomes

Level of evidence

Khalil et al., 2017

Thoracotomy

A prospective randomized observer-blinded controlled study–single-center study

Group SAPB (n = 20)

Group TEA (n = 20)

Twenty to 60 years old with ASA class II and III

VAS pain score Morphine consumption

MAP & H.R.

L2

Ökmen & Ökmen, 2018

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery

A randomized, controlled, single-blind study

Group T (IV PCA tramadol (n = 20)

Group S (IV PCA tramadol + SAPB (n = 20).

18 to 70 years old with ASA class I–III

Visual analogue scale (VAS)

The quantity of tramadol

Side effect additional analgesic use.

L2

Park et al., 2018

Thoracoscopic surgery

A randomized, controlled blind study

Eighty-nine patients to block with 30 ml ropivacaine 0.375% (n = 44), or no block without placebo or sham procedure (n = 45).

ASA physical status I or II patients aged 20–80 years, scheduled for thoracoscopic segmentectomy or lobectomy.

Fentanyl consumption.

Numeric pain rating scale (NRS) score (0–10)

Nausea, vomiting, dizziness, pruritus and respiratory rates

Participants satisfaction

Hospital stay

L2

Kaushal et al., 2019

Pediatric cardiac surgery

A prospective, randomized, single-blind, comparative study–single-center study

Group SAPB (n = 36)

Group Pecs II (n = 36)

Group ICNB (n = 36)

One hundred eight children with congenital heart disease requiring surgery through

a thoracotomy.

Modified objective pain score (MOPS).

Analgesia consumption

Extubation time

Adverse effects

L2

Saad et al., 2018

Lung lobectomy

Randomized, controlled study–single center study

Group TPVB (n = 30)

Group SAPB (n = 30)

Group Control (n = 30)

Ninety patients with lung cancer scheduled for lung lobectomy

Visual analogue scale (VAS)

Analgesic consumption

Time of first rescue analgesic

Adverse effects.

L2

Kim et al., 2018

Video-assisted thoracic surgery

A randomized, triple-blind, placebo-controlled study–single center study

SAPB group (n = 42)

Control group (n = 43)

Patients with 20–65 years old and ASA class of I or II, who were scheduled for elective VATS

Quality of recovery (QoR-40) score

Pain scores

Opioid consumption

Adverse events

L2

Semyonov et al., 2019

Thoracic surgery

Prospective, randomized, controlled, double-blind and single-center study

Group 1: Control group (n = 57)

Group 2: SAPB group (n = 47)

One hundred four patients who underwent elective thoracotomy

Duration of PACU stay

Duration of hospital stay

VAS

PONV scores, complications

Hemodynamic variables

L2

Lee & Kim, 2019

Video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy

Randomized, controlled, blinded study–single center study

Group G (n = 25) received conventional G.A.

Group S (n = 25) received SAPB

Fifty participants, aged 20 to 75 years, undergoing VATS lobectomy

Intraoperative remifentanil consumption.

Emergence time, systolic blood pressure (SBP)

Hemodynamic variables

Doses of rescue drugs used to control BP

L2

Reyad et al., 2019

Thoracotomies

Randomized controlled trial–single center study

Group A: PCA–group (n = 44)

Group B: SAPB group (n = 45)

Eighty-nine patients with chest malignancies, scheduled for thoracotomy

Assessment for the emergence of PTPS at 12 weeks

VAS score

Quality of life

L2

Hanley et al., 2020

Videoscopic assisted thoracic surgery (VATS).

A single-centre, double-blinded, randomized, non-inferiority study–single center study

Group SAPB (n = 20)

Group SPVB (n = 20)

Forty patients undergoing VATS

Opioid consumption

Numerical rating scores

Hemodynamic variables

Side-effects

Length of hospital stay

Patient satisfaction

L2