Table 3 Summary of studies on gastric cancer cells with anesthetic agents in in vitro conditions
(Jiang et al. 2017) | In vitro | Effect of muscle relaxant anesthetics on growth, migration, and invasion | Cell culture + rocuronium bromide Cell culture + vecuronium bromide Cell culture + cisatracurium besilate | Rocuronium bromide acts as a stimulant of gastric cancer cell growth, migration, and invasion in vitro |
(Yang et al. 2016) | In vitro | Effect of propofol on growth and survival of gastric cancer cells | Cell culture + propofol treatment (cell viability, migration and invasion assay, flow cytometry, quantitative real-time PCR, Western blot analysis) | Propofol inhibits gastric cancer cell growth and induces cell apoptosis |
(Dan et al. 2018) | In vitro | Effect of local anesthetic bupivacaine on gastric cancer | Cell culture + bupivacaine (measurement of proliferation and apoptosis, Boyden chamber migration assay, measurement of oxygen consumption rate, measurement of mitochondrial respiratory complex activity and ATP level, measurement of RhoA activity) | Bupivacaine has direct anticancer activity with the dominant inhibitory effects on gastric cancer migration rather than growth and survival |