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Table 4 Side effects of opioid usage and block technique

From: Ultrasound-guided erector spinae block for postoperative analgesia in thoracotomy patients: a prospective, randomized, observer-blind, controlled clinical trial

Side effects

Group ESP

Group C

Test

p value

Nausea

2 (6.66%)

9 (30%)

Z = 2.33

0.01

Vomiting

1 (3.33%)

6 (20%)

Z = 2.01

0.04

Pruritus

2 (6.66%)

5 (16.66%)

Z = 1.2

0.22

Sedation

2 (6.66%)

8 (26.66%)

Z = 2.07

0.03

Hypotension

2 (6.66%)

5 (16.66%)

Z = 1.2

0.22

Bradycardia

2 (6.66%)

5 (16.66%)

Z = 1.2

0.22

Pain on injection

5 (16.66%)

0 (0%)

Z = 2.33

0.01