RASS level | C group (n = 35) | D group (n = 35) | M group (n = 35) | P values |
|---|
Level | Terms | n (%) | n (%) | n (%) | |
|---|
+ 4 | Combative | 1 (2.85) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0.132 |
+ 3 | Very agitated | 2 (5.6) | 0 (0) † | 0 (0) † | 0.041 |
+ 2 | Agitated | 7 (20) | 1(2.85) † | 1(2.85) † | 0.031* |
+ 1 | Restless | 9 (25) | 1 (2.85) † | 2 (5.6) † | 0.012* |
Total | 19 (54.2) | 2 (5.6) † | 3 (8.5) † | 0.001* |
- Abbreviations: n Number of patients, RASS Richmond agitation sedation score, C Control, D Dexmedetomidine, M Magnesium sulfate
- Notes: Our primary end point was occurrence of emergence agitation. It was defined as Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS) of ≥+ 1 during the time interval between turning off anesthetics till the patient was eligible to leave the PACU (Aldrete score of ≥ 9). Agitation is defined as ≥+ 1 RASS level. *P value is < 0.05, among the groups using one-way ANOVA test; †p < 0.017 is significant compared to C group using Wilcoxon Mann-Whitney U test; values are presented as number of patients (%) or absolute number (N)
