Fig. 3

Steps to perform PENG block as described by Giron et al. a Ultrasound probe is placed in a transverse plane over the AllS. b Ultrasound probe is then aligned with the pubic ramus by rotating the probe approximately 45° (clockwise and counterclockwise respectively in right and left side of the patient). c Ultrasound probe is then positioned to observe the IPE, the iliopsoas muscle and tendon, and the femoral artery. d The needle is inserted from lateral to medial in an in-plane approach to place the tip in the musculofascial plane between the psoas tendon anteriorly and the pubic ramus posteriorly. Abbreviations: AIIS, anterior inferior iliac spine, IPE, ilio-pubic eminence