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Table 1 SEM score (Abdelmoniem & Mahmoud 2016)

From: Vibrating toothbrush, ice, or topical anesthetic agent to reduce pain of local anesthetic injection in 5- to 12-year-old children undergoing dental procedures — a randomized controlled trial

 

Designation

Sound

Eye

Motor

1

Comfort

No sound

No sign

Relaxed body hand status

2

Mild discomfort

Nonspecific sound (probable pain)

Dilated eye without fear (anxiety sign)

Muscular contraction, contraction of hands

3

Moderately painful

Verbal complaint, louder sound

Tears, sudden eye movements

Sudden body & hand movements

4

Painful

Verbal complaint, shouting, crying

Crying, tears all over the face

Hand movements for defense, turning the head to the opposite side