Table 3 Characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 patients with chronic liver disease

Age (years):

Mean ± SD

61.4 ± 11.9

61.3 ± 10.8

61.5 ± 12.9

0.9

Sex: n (%)

 Male

69 (69.0%)

29 (63.0%)

40 (74.1%)

58%

 Female

30 (30.3%)

16 (35.6%)

14 (25.9%)

46.7%

0.4

Sever COVID-19 at admission, n (%)

82 (82.8%)

45 (100.0%)

37 (68.5%)

45.1%

< 0.001*

Critical COVID-19 at admission, n (%)

17 (17.2%)

0 (0.0%)

17 (31.5%)

100%

Comorbidities: n (%)

 Diabetes mellitus

51 (51.5%)

26 (57.8%)

25 (46.3%)

49%

0.3

 Hypertension

53 (53.5%)

25 (55.6%)

28 (51.9%)

52.8%

0.9

 Ischemic heart disease

16 (16.2%)

6 (13.3%)

10 (18.5%)

62.5%

0.7

 Malignancy

8 (8.1%)

2 (4.4%)

6 (11.1%)

75%

0.4

 Heavy smoking

3 (3.0%)

1 (2.2%)

2 (3.7%)

66.7%

0.9

 Chronic kidney disease

2 (2.0%)

0 (0.0%)

2 (3.7%)

100%

0.4

Respiratory symptoms at presentation, n (%)

95 (96.0%)

44 (97.8%)

51 (94.4%)

53.7%

0.7

Hepatic encephalopathy on admission, n (%)

9 (9.1%)

0 (0.0%)

9 (16.7%)

100%

< 0.001*

Baseline liver function results

 Alanine transaminase (U/L), median (range)

38 (28–52)

34 (27–44)

59 (40–95)

0.004*

 Aspartate transaminase (U/L), median (range)

47 (27–77)

42 (23–54)

67 (47–98)

0.003*

 Serum albumin (g/dL), mean ± SD

3.25 ± 0.9

2.84 ± 0.7

2.56 ± 0.5

0.02*

 Total bilirubin (mg/dL), mean ± SD

3.2 ± 4

4.8 ± 0.6

5.2 ± 0.7

0.003*

 Direct bilirubin (mg/dL), mean ± SD

2.3 ± 3.4

2.5 ± 0.7

3.1 ± 0.9

0.004*

 Alkaline phosphatase (U/L), median (range)

273 (295–90)

268 ( 289–65)

278 (201–82)

0.3

 Platelet count (× 1000/cmm), Mean ± SD

207.69 ± 98.06

210.69 ± 81.06

180.59 ± 65.14

0.04*

 INR, mean ± SD

1.3 ± 0.32

1.02 ± 0.2

1.1 ± 0.3

0.1

 PTT, mean ± SD

35 ± 11.1

33 ± 10

36 ± 12

0.2

Length of stay (days):

Median (range)

12 (1–63)

15 (1 – 63)

9 (1–20)

0.04*

Drug therapy: n (%)

 Corticosteroids

74 (74.7%)

30 (66.7%)

44 (81.5%)

59.5%

0.1

 Iverzine

10 (10.1%)

6 (13.3%)

4 (7.4%)

40%

0.5

 Tocilizumab

29 (29.3%)

4 (8.9%)

25 (46.3%)

86.2%

0.001*

 Remdesivir

17 (17.2%)

2 (4.4%)

15 (27.8%)

88.2%

0.005*

 Favipiravir

22 (22.2%)

7 (15.6%)

15 (27.8%)

68.2%

0.1

 Colchicine

18 (18.2%)

8 (17.8%)

10 (18.5%)

55.6%

0.9

 Pirfenex

8 (8.1%)

6 (13.3%)

2 (3.7%)

25%

0.08

 Anti-fungal

11 (11.1%)

5 (11.1%)

6 (11.1%)

54.5%

0.9

Noninvasive mechanical ventilation: n (%)

71(71.7%)

17(37.8%)

54(100%)

76.1%

< 0.001*

Noninvasive mechanical ventilator days: median (range)

14 (1–50)

22 (5–50)

17 (1–20)

0.02*

Invasive mechanical ventilation: n (%)

54(54.5%)

0 (0.0%)

54(100%)

100%

< 0.001*

Invasive mechanical ventilator days:

median (range)

2 (1–5)

–

2 (1–5)

–

HCV patients, n (%)

69 (69.7%)

37 (82.2%)

32 (59.3%)

46.4%

Non-HCV patients, n (%)

30 (30.3%)

8 (17.8%)

22 (40.7%)

73.3%

0.01*

Treated HCV patients, n (%)

49 (71.0%)

31 (83.8%)

18 (56.3%)

36.7%

Non-treated HCV patients, n (%)

20 (28.9%)

6 (16.2%)

14 (43.7%)

70%

0.01*

Child-Pugh score, n (%)

 Grade A

32 (32.3%)

20 (44.4%)

12 (22.2%)

37.5%

< 0.001*

 Grade B

38 (38.4%)

22 (48.9%)

16 (29.7%)

42.1%

 Grade C

29 (29.3%)

3 (6.7%)

26 (48.1%)

89.7%